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also known as: Lys-Pro-Val, Alpha-MSH C-terminal tripeptide
Half-life: Very short; local gut action when oral
KPV is a C-terminal tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) derived from alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It has potent anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in the gut, making it highly promising for IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), Crohn's disease, and colitis. It acts directly on intestinal cells and immune cells.
Mechanism of Action
Acts on melanocortin receptors (MC1R, MC3R) and intracellular pathways to reduce NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8). Also acts on intestinal epithelial cells directly to reduce inflammation independent of MC receptors.
Lam et al. showed KPV reduces colitis severity in mouse models via NF-κB inhibition. Melanocortin receptor role confirmed in multiple IBD studies.
BPC-157 promotes gut healing via angiogenesis; KPV directly reduces gut inflammation — the top gut-healing stack.
Glutathione reduces oxidative stress in the gut; KPV reduces inflammation — complementary protective action.
VIP has gut-protective and anti-inflammatory actions; KPV adds direct MC receptor pathway suppression of gut inflammation.
None listed.
LL-37 for microbial defense; KPV for inflammatory control — together they address both infection and inflammation in the gut.
Storage
Refrigerate at 2–8°C (36–46°F). Stable lyophilized at room temperature.
Reconstitution
Can be dissolved in water/saline for oral use.